A feasible approach to predicting time-dependent bearing performance of jacked piles from CPTu measurements     

Li  Lin  Li  Jingpei  Sun  De’an  Gong  Weibing 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(7):1935-1952

Acta Geotechnica - In this paper, a simple but feasible approach is proposed to predict the time-dependent load carrying behaviours of jacked piles from CPTu measurements. The corrected cone...  相似文献   

秦皇岛近岸海域潮间带砂质沉积物中微塑料和重金属污染特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈月琴  罗维  孙聪慧  吴光红 《海洋学报》2020,42(4):113-121

基于密度分离原理，利用饱和NaCl溶液对秦皇岛近岸海域潮间带砂质沉积物中的微塑料进行了浮选和分离提取，采用显微红外光谱方法分析附着在滤膜上的微塑料颗粒形貌和材质。结合扫描电子显微镜?能谱仪(Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive Spectrometer，SEM-EDS)对微塑料样品进行微观形貌观察及微区成分的分析。并采用地累积指数(Geo Accumulation Indexes，I_geo)和富集系数(Enrichment Factors，EF)分析砂质沉积物中重金属Hg、Cd和Pb污染水平和富集特点。分析砂质沉积物中烧失量(Loss on Ignition，LOI)、总有机碳(Total Organic Carbon，TOC)、总氮(Total Nitrogen，TN)以及碳氮的稳定同位素组成(δ13C和δ15N)，探讨有机质的可能来源。结果表明:秦皇岛近岸海域潮间带砂质沉积物中有纤维类、发泡类、薄膜类3种微塑料，以纤维类的微塑料为主。微塑料表层富集有Si、Al、Mg、Fe和Ca等元素。沉积物中Hg和Cd富集水平较高，Pb富集水平较低。沉积物TOC和TN含量较低，LOI为TOC的1.6倍，δ13C、δ15N和TOC/TN的数值范围均显示有机质以海洋浮游植物藻类等海源为主。  相似文献   

莱州湾大型底栖动物群落结构及其动态变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁伟  王俊  左涛  牛明香  栾青杉  时永强  孙坚强 《海洋学报》2020,42(6):52-61

本文以莱州湾2009年夏季(8月)、秋季(10月)及2010年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)4个季节大型底栖动物资料为基础，对莱州湾大型底栖动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种进行了研究，同时与历史资料进行对比，探讨了莱州湾大型底栖动物的群落结构特征及动态变化。4个航次中共鉴定出大型底栖动物272种，其中包括环节动物多毛类122种，软体动物46种，甲壳动物64种，棘皮动物18种，鱼类9种，其他类13种。调查海域平均丰度为(1102.56 ± 216.32) ind./m2, 多毛类在丰度上占绝对优势；平均生物量为(28.16 ± 8.45) g/m2，软体动物占据优势。丰度和生物量空间分布规律具有很强的相似性，低值区位于莱州湾西部黄河口邻近海域，高值区位于渤海中部海域。丰度和生物量季节变化明显，夏季最高，秋季其次，春季最低。多毛类不倒翁虫(Sternaspis sculata)、寡鳃齿吻沙蚕(Nephthys oligobranchia)、紫壳阿文蛤(Alvenius ojianus)等是莱州湾调查海域的优势种。通过与历史资料的对比发现，莱州湾大型底栖动物种类组成及优势种类出现小型化的趋势。  相似文献   

中尺度暖涡对热带气旋强度变化的影响及作用机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙佳  王桂华  熊学军  回贞立  胡筱敏  凌征  于龙  杨光兵  郭延良  鞠霞  陈亮 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(8):1-2

基于两组理想化数值试验，对比研究了分布于热带气旋不同位置处的海洋中尺度暖涡所引发的热带气旋强度变化的时空特征。研究发现，热带气旋中心附近的暖涡对热带气旋强度有增强作用，而位于热带气旋外围的暖涡则会抑制热带气旋的发展。本研究将暖涡增强（减弱）热带气旋强度的区域称为内（外）区。随着时间的推移，内（外）区暖涡对热带气旋强度的增强（减弱）幅度逐渐减小（增大），区域范围同步减小（增大）。内区暖涡增强了热带气旋的次级环流和结构对称性、增加了海气界面热通量，同时减弱了外围螺旋雨带，进而导致热带气旋强度增强；若暖涡在外区，其对热带气旋的作用相反，导致热带气旋强度减弱。由于理想化试验中热带气旋静止不动，因此研究结果可能只适用于传播速度较慢的热带气旋。本研究结果有助于更好地理解热带气旋和海洋中尺度暖涡之间的相互作用，并通过引入热带气旋外区暖涡的影响助力提高热带气旋强度预报工作。  相似文献   

南黄海物理-生物地球化学过程的时空异质性及内在关联和机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韦钦胜  王保栋  傅明珠  孙俊川  姚庆祯  辛明  于志刚 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(10):11-26

研究多重物理过程控制下陆架边缘海生物地球化学过程的时空异质性及其生态响应，对于深入认识海洋生态系统具有重要的意义。基于相关历史观测资料和卫星遥感海表温度，本文综合分析了南黄海物理-生物地球化学过程的时空变化和空间异质性特征，探讨了该海域内部典型地理单元之间的内在关联和机制。结果显示，冷季沿岸流南向输送和暖季锋面上升流垂向输运的季节性交替是影响石岛外海与海州湾外侧海域生物地球化学和初级生产的重要物理过程。夏季苏北沿岸水的东北向扩展可形成浒苔离岸/跨区域输送的动力驱动。暖季水体层化显著影响着南黄海中部冷水团海域的生物地球化学过程，春至秋季冷水团海域底层水体中的营养盐逐渐累积，形成了营养盐的重要贮库；层化季节黄海冷水团边界锋区上升流系统的存在使得南黄海叶绿素a和初级生产力高值区位置同海表低温涌升流区总体相一致。冷季南黄海西部南下的冷水与中部北向入侵的暖水共同导致了“S”型锋面的形成；暖季黄海冷水团边界锋区的上升流系统是连接层化海域和近岸区的纽带，可实现对冷水团内部营养盐的提取，从而将冷水团内部和边界区的生物地球化学过程形成有机连接，并在成山角-石岛外海、海州湾外侧、苏北浅滩东部形成三个典型的物理-生物地球化学相互作用区。本研究细化和整合了南黄海区域海洋学研究，揭示了该海域物理-生物地球化学过程的空间异质性特征和不同地理单元之间的关联性及机制，获得了对南黄海水文-生物地球化学-生态过程的综合、系统认知。  相似文献   

2017年春季季风间期南海中北部浮游植物生长与微型浮游动物摄食     

陈大伟  郭聪聪  余凌晖  鲁远征  孙军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):84-95

Phytoplankton growth rates and mortality rates were experimentally examined at 21 stations during the 2017 spring intermonsoon(April to early May) in the northern and central South China Sea(SCS) using the dilution technique, with emphasis on a comparison between the northern and central SCS areas which had different environmental factors. There had been higher temperature but lower nutrients and chlorophyll a concentrations in the central SCS than those in the northern SCS. The mean rates of phytoplankton growth(μ_0) and microzooplankton grazing(m) were(0.88±0.33) d~(–1) and(0.55±0.22) d~(–1) in the central SCS, and both higher than those in the northern SCS with the values of μ_0((0.81±0.16) d~(–1)) and m((0.30±0.09) d~(–1)), respectively.Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates were significantly coupled in both areas. The microzooplankton grazing impact(m/μ_0) on phytoplankton was also higher in the central SCS(0.63±0.12) than that in the northern SCS(0.37±0.06). The microzooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with temperature in the surface. Temperature might more effectively promote the microzooplankton grazing rate than phytoplankton growth rate, which might contribute to higher m and m/μ_0 in the central SCS. Compared with temperature, nutrients mainly affected the growth rate of phytoplankton. In the nutrient enrichment treatment,the phytoplankton growth rate(μn) was higher than μ_0 in the central SCS, suggesting phytoplankton growth in the central SCS was nutrient limited. The ratio of μ_0/μn was significantly correlated with nutrients concentrations in the both areas, indicating the limitation of nutrients was related to the concentrations of background nutrients in the study stations.  相似文献   

Three new species of Anthomedusae(Hydrozoa:Hydroidomedusa) from the Guangdong coastal water,China     

张才学  黄加祺  孙省利  柯盛  杨国欢  宋之光  刘耀谦 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(4):84-88

The samples of Anthomedusae were collected from the Guangdong coastal water,China.Three new species of Anthomedusae,i.e.Zhangiella condensum Huang,Zhang et Sun,sp.nov.,Hydractinia leizhouensis Huang,Zhang et Yang,sp.nov.,and Cladosarsia simplex Huang,Zhang et Ke,sp.nov.are described.All type specimens are deposited in College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University.  相似文献   

A motion planning algorithm for the feed support system of FAST     

姚蕊  姜鹏  孙京海  于东俊  孙纯 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2020,(5):117-126

The paper relates to a motion planning algorithm for the feed support system of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST).To enhance the stability of the feed support system,the start/termination planning segments are adopted with an acceleration and deceleration section.The source switching planning adopts a combination of a line segment and focal segment to realize stable control of the feed support system.Besides,during the observation trajectory,a transition segment which is not used for observation data is planned with a required time.Through an example simulation,a smooth change is realized via the motion planning algorithm and presented in this paper.  相似文献   

Intraguild predation by polyps of three scyphozoan jellyfish: Nemopilema nomurai,Aurelia coerulea,and Rhopilema esculentum     

Tang  Changsheng  Sun  Song  Zhang  Fang 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(6):1755-1761

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Jellyfish blooms occur worldwide and have resulted in serious problems in tourism, fisheries, coastal industries, and the marine ecosystem. The life cycle of...  相似文献   

Changes in run‐off and sediment load in the three parts of the Yellow River basin,in response to climate change and human activities     

Chaojun Gu  Xingmin Mu  Peng Gao  Guangju Zhao  Wenyi Sun 《水文研究》2019,33(4):585-601

Hydrological regimes in the Yellow River have changed significantly because of climate change and intensive human interventions. These changes present severe challenges to water resource utilization and ecological development. Variation of run‐off, suspended sediment load (SSL), and eight precipitation indices (P1: 0–12 mm·day^?1, P12: 12–25 mm·day^?1, P25: 25–50 mm·day^?1, P50: P ≥ 50 mm·day^?1 and corresponding rainfall day: Pd1, Pd12, Pd25, Pd50 day year^?1) in three critical parts of the Yellow River basin (source region: SRYRB, upper reaches: URYRB, middle reaches: MRYRB) were investigated for the period from 1960 to 2015. The results show that run‐off and SSL significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the URYRB and the MRYRB, whereas their decline in the SRYRB was insignificant (P > 0.05). Moreover, run‐off in the URYRB had one change point in 1987, and SSL in the URYRB as well as run‐off and SSL in the MRYRB had two change points (in the 1970s and the 1990s). Over the same period, only Pd1 and Pd12 in the SRYRB showed significant increasing trends, and an abrupt change appeared in 1981. The optimal precipitation indices for assessing the effects of precipitation on run‐off and SSL in the URYRB and MRYRB were Pd50 and P12, respectively. A double‐mass curve analysis showed that precipitation and human activities contributed to approximately 20% and 80% of the reduction in run‐off, respectively, for both the SRYRB and the MRYRB. However, the contribution rate of precipitation and human activities on SSL reduction was approximately 40% and 60% in the URYRB and 5% and 95% in the MRYRB, respectively. Human activities, primarily soil and water conservation measures and water extraction (diversion), were the main factors (>50%) that reduced the run‐off. However, the dominant driving factors for SSL reduction were soil and water conservation measures and reservoir interception, for which the contribution rate was higher than 70% in the MRYRB. This work strengthens the understanding of hydrological responses to precipitation change and provides a useful reference for regional water resource utilization.  相似文献